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Computing and the Linguistic Turn

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Enigma (Wikipedia) Symbolic analysis and statistical analysis were both approaches codebreakers took in breaking Enigma. The development of AI has also incorporated both approaches. One historical question for AI is why the dominance of Symbolic AI from 1950 to 1990? Note the development of AI out of the Dartmouth Workshop and especially the contributions of one of its attendees,  Ray Solomonoff , to the statistical approach, an approach taken up by Marcus Hutter , a DeepMind  researcher. Note too that along with the difference between the symbolic and the statistical is the difference between language learning and computer vision. The turn Richard Sutton takes is to push learning outside the context of language, which is to push computing beyond its linguistic turn. The Linguistic Turn from Philosophy to Artificial Intelligence The Linguistic Turn   The Linguistic Turn The Linguistic Turn ,  The Linguistic Turn ~ * ~ The Bitter Lesson First Richard Sutton Richard ...
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A Heidegger - Bayes Hybrid Model

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A Conjecture for a Hybrid Model Bayesian epistemology concerns modelling and specifically, belief, but a Bayesian belief does not need to be fully formed to emerge alongside the Heideggerian to-hand. The Heideggerian to-hand thereby becomes the interaction that generates this further, which is, with this interaction, a certain realization of being in the world. Bayesian selection now concerns available beliefs as well as any to-hand [belief(s)]. How Heidegger Can Make You a Better Guitarist Bayesian Philosophy Bayesian Philosophy Bayesian Epistemology Bayesian Epistemology Bayesian Modelling Bayesian Modelling Bayesian Model Selection David Deutsch on Bayesian Epistemology Bayesian Philosophy of Science Bayesian Philosophy of Science A Bayesian Approach to the Philosophy of Science On Sean Carroll on an Application of Bayes The Heideggerian To-Hand On Heidegger On Heidegger Flipping Descartes Ready-to-Hand and Present-at-Hand Presence-at-Hand Ready-to-Hand and Unready-to-Hand Does Hei...
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A Question Regarding Number as the Assumed Basis of Mathematics

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Conjecture: The historical analysis of the development of mathematics tends to lean on artifacts such as tally sticks and etch marks. Here, commerce serves as the basis of mathematics, and thereby, mathematics is grounded in the ability to count, which is implicitly understood to be the basis of commerce (fair exchange).  Development of Mathematics Question: What if distance becomes the basis of mathematics? How does this concept ground mathematics? Rather than assert that mathematics starts with counting, we assert instead that mathematics begins with the realization of distance? Do we then realize that number becomes a shorthand for distance in the abstract? Number Number ... Distance
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